Ubuntu从源码编译OpenCV¶
概要¶
本文讲解了如何从编码开始编译OpenCV
keywords OpenCV Linux 编译
下载源码¶
下载下面的两个包.
https://github.com/opencv/opencv
https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib
opencv_contrib 包里面放着一些opencv 中的非免费包, 不能用于商业.
有专利保护. 比如xfeature2d 就是在opencv_contrib中的.
$ git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv.git $ git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib.git
安装依赖¶
阅读OpenCV 编译的官方文档
安装需要的第三方包.
https://docs.opencv.org/trunk/d7/d9f/tutorial_linux_install.html
[安装编译器] sudo apt-get install build-essential [必须依赖] sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev [可选依赖] sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev
可选依赖，如果安装python-opencv还是需要的。
可能还有别的依赖, 后续, 如果不全的话会报错. 继续装就是了.
注意, 还有python3的numpy 也要装
安装Numpy
分别给python2 跟python3 通过pip/pip3 安装numpy
numpy是opencv 必须要依赖的包.
python3 安装numpy
提前装好,免得后面麻烦.
sudo apt-get install python3-numpy
或者使用pip3进行安装.
sudo pip3 install numpy
不过他们的安装路径不太一样
可以通过如下的方式获取包的安装路径
import numpy numpy.__path__
如果是python2的话也类似
sudo apt-get install python-numpy
使用Anaconda的朋友, 可能需要自己在后续的CMakeGUI那自行配置一下python3的相关路径
CMakeGUI¶
这里是视频教程.
Youtube - TaiWan - how to build opencv on Ubuntu Linux
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NcZpA55ISzo
安装cmake-gui 也就是cmake的图形化界面, 配置起来更方便一些.
sudo apt-get install cmake-qt-gui
运行
以管理员身份
sudo cmake-gui
利用cmake 打开opencv 源码所在的文件夹.
where is the source code -> opencv的路径
为产生的二进制文件,单独创建一个文件夹opencv_bin
配置configure
设定默认配置 Unix xxxx
然后就会加载出一系列需要选择的参数.
直接在搜索框中搜索你想要查询的参数.
OPENCV_EXTRA_MOUDLES_PATH 这个参数是最重要, 需要填入第三方拓展包的路径
/home/fange/XXXX/opencv_contrib/modules
注意 后面是子文件夹modules的路径哦!!!
首先是,python2 跟python3的系列参数, 如果使用系统默认的python, 都会被自动检测到.
-
PYTHON3_EXECUTABLE
-
PYTHON3_INCLUDE_DIR
-
PYTHON3_LIBRARY_DIR
-
......
接下来,是查看python2/python3的numpy路径是否正确. PYTHON3_NUMPY_INCLUDE_DIRS
查看路径的方式也比较简单:
import numpy numpy.__path__
如果你还有其他需求可以自行配置.
例如跟OpenCV的Tensorflow扩展,PyTorch 拓展等等, 需要自己配置路径.
Generate生成安装用的二进制文件¶
在CMAKEGUI中配置好了之后, 可以点击Generate 按钮, 如果你的环境不满足依赖, 需要根据提示, 安装对应的包.
如果满足依赖, 则可以成功的编译出安装所需的二进制文件.
不出意外,这里可能会卡你一下, 因为下载确实慢
data: Download: face_landmark_model.dat
需要下载很多数据, 中间可能会断开, 没关系 多试几次.
生成日志如下
Looking for ccache - not found Found ZLIB: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so (found suitable version "1.2.8", minimum required is "1.2.3") Found ZLIB: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so (found version "1.2.8") Checking for module 'gtk+-3.0' No package 'gtk+-3.0' found Checking for module 'gstreamer-base-1.0' No package 'gstreamer-base-1.0' found Checking for module 'gstreamer-video-1.0' No package 'gstreamer-video-1.0' found Checking for module 'gstreamer-app-1.0' No package 'gstreamer-app-1.0' found Checking for module 'gstreamer-riff-1.0' No package 'gstreamer-riff-1.0' found Checking for module 'gstreamer-pbutils-1.0' No package 'gstreamer-pbutils-1.0' found Checking for module 'gstreamer-base-0.10' No package 'gstreamer-base-0.10' found Checking for module 'gstreamer-video-0.10' No package 'gstreamer-video-0.10' found Checking for module 'gstreamer-app-0.10' No package 'gstreamer-app-0.10' found Checking for module 'gstreamer-riff-0.10' No package 'gstreamer-riff-0.10' found Checking for module 'gstreamer-pbutils-0.10' No package 'gstreamer-pbutils-0.10' found Looking for linux/videodev.h Looking for linux/videodev.h - not found Looking for linux/videodev2.h Looking for linux/videodev2.h - found Looking for sys/videoio.h Looking for sys/videoio.h - not found Checking for module 'libavresample' No package 'libavresample' found Checking for module 'libgphoto2' No package 'libgphoto2' found found Intel IPP (ICV version): 2017.0.3 [2017.0.3] at: /home/fange/Software/OpenCVSRC/opencv_bin/3rdparty/ippicv/ippicv_lnx found Intel IPP IW sources: 2017.0.3 at: /home/fange/Software/OpenCVSRC/opencv_bin/3rdparty/ippicv/ippiw_lnx Could not find OpenBLAS lib. Turning OpenBLAS_FOUND off Could NOT find Atlas (missing: Atlas_CLAPACK_INCLUDE_DIR Atlas_CBLAS_LIBRARY Atlas_BLAS_LIBRARY) A library with BLAS API found. A library with LAPACK API found. Could NOT find JNI (missing: JAVA_AWT_LIBRARY JAVA_JVM_LIBRARY JAVA_INCLUDE_PATH JAVA_INCLUDE_PATH2 JAVA_AWT_INCLUDE_PATH) Could NOT find Matlab (missing: MATLAB_MEX_SCRIPT MATLAB_INCLUDE_DIRS MATLAB_ROOT_DIR MATLAB_LIBRARIES MATLAB_LIBRARY_DIRS MATLAB_MEXEXT MATLAB_ARCH MATLAB_BIN) The imported target "vtkRenderingPythonTkWidgets" references the file "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libvtkRenderingPythonTkWidgets.so" but this file does not exist. Possible reasons include: * The file was deleted, renamed, or moved to another location. * An install or uninstall procedure did not complete successfully. * The installation package was faulty and contained "/usr/lib/cmake/vtk-6.2/VTKTargets.cmake" but not all the files it references. The imported target "vtk" references the file "/usr/bin/vtk" but this file does not exist. Possible reasons include: * The file was deleted, renamed, or moved to another location. * An install or uninstall procedure did not complete successfully. * The installation package was faulty and contained "/usr/lib/cmake/vtk-6.2/VTKTargets.cmake" but not all the files it references. Found VTK 6.2.0 (/usr/lib/cmake/vtk-6.2/UseVTK.cmake) Caffe: NO Protobuf: NO Glog: NO freetype2: YES harfbuzz: YES No preference for use of exported gflags CMake configuration set, and no hints for include/library directories provided. Defaulting to preferring an installed/exported gflags CMake configuration if available. Failed to find installed gflags CMake configuration, searching for gflags build directories exported with CMake. Failed to find gflags - Failed to find an installed/exported CMake configuration for gflags, will perform search for installed gflags components. Failed to find gflags - Could not find gflags include directory, set GFLAGS_INCLUDE_DIR to directory containing gflags/gflags.h Failed to find glog - Could not find glog include directory, set GLOG_INCLUDE_DIR to directory containing glog/logging.h Module opencv_sfm disabled because the following dependencies are not found: Glog/Gflags Module opencv_ovis disabled because OGRE3D was not found data: Download: face_landmark_model.dat CMake Warning at /home/fange/Software/OpenCVSRC/opencv/cmake/OpenCVDownload.cmake:190 (message): data: Download failed: 28;"Timeout was reached" For details please refer to the download log file: /home/fange/Software/OpenCVSRC/opencv_bin/CMakeDownloadLog.txt Call Stack (most recent call first): /home/fange/Software/OpenCVSRC/opencv_contrib/modules/face/CMakeLists.txt:13 (ocv_download) CMake Warning at /home/fange/Software/OpenCVSRC/opencv_contrib/modules/face/CMakeLists.txt:26 (message): Face: Can't get model file for face alignment. freetype2: YES harfbuzz: YES Checking for modules 'tesseract;lept' No package 'tesseract' found No package 'lept' found Tesseract: NO xfeatures2d/boostdesc: Download: boostdesc_lbgm.i xfeatures2d/vgg: Download: vgg_generated_48.i xfeatures2d/vgg: Download: vgg_generated_64.i xfeatures2d/vgg: Download: vgg_generated_80.i xfeatures2d/vgg: Download: vgg_generated_120.i General configuration for OpenCV 4.0.0-pre ===================================== Version control: 3.4.1-410-g84b3b5b Extra modules: Location (extra): /home/fange/Software/OpenCVSRC/opencv_contrib/modules Version control (extra): 3.4.1-85-gfbc4d82 Platform: Timestamp: 2018-04-30T13:33:51Z Host: Linux 4.13.0-39-generic x86_64 CMake: 3.5.1 CMake generator: Unix Makefiles CMake build tool: /usr/bin/make Configuration: Release CPU/HW features: Baseline: SSE SSE2 SSE3 requested: SSE3 Dispatched code generation: SSE4_1 SSE4_2 FP16 AVX AVX2 AVX512_SKX requested: SSE4_1 SSE4_2 AVX FP16 AVX2 AVX512_SKX SSE4_1 (3 files): + SSSE3 SSE4_1 SSE4_2 (1 files): + SSSE3 SSE4_1 POPCNT SSE4_2 FP16 (2 files): + SSSE3 SSE4_1 POPCNT SSE4_2 FP16 AVX AVX (5 files): + SSSE3 SSE4_1 POPCNT SSE4_2 AVX AVX2 (9 files): + SSSE3 SSE4_1 POPCNT SSE4_2 FP16 FMA3 AVX AVX2 AVX512_SKX (1 files): + SSSE3 SSE4_1 POPCNT SSE4_2 FP16 FMA3 AVX AVX2 AVX_512F AVX512_SKX C/C++: Built as dynamic libs?: YES C++ Compiler: /usr/bin/c++ (ver 5.4.0) C++ flags (Release): -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wsign-promo -Wuninitialized -Winit-self -Wsuggest-override -Wno-narrowing -Wno-delete-non-virtual-dtor -Wno-comment -fdiagnostics-show-option -Wno-long-long -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -msse -msse2 -msse3 -fvisibility=hidden -fvisibility-inlines-hidden -O3 -DNDEBUG -DNDEBUG C++ flags (Debug): -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wsign-promo -Wuninitialized -Winit-self -Wsuggest-override -Wno-narrowing -Wno-delete-non-virtual-dtor -Wno-comment -fdiagnostics-show-option -Wno-long-long -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -msse -msse2 -msse3 -fvisibility=hidden -fvisibility-inlines-hidden -g -O0 -DDEBUG -D_DEBUG C Compiler: /usr/bin/cc C flags (Release): -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wuninitialized -Winit-self -Wno-narrowing -Wno-comment -fdiagnostics-show-option -Wno-long-long -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -msse -msse2 -msse3 -fvisibility=hidden -O3 -DNDEBUG -DNDEBUG C flags (Debug): -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wuninitialized -Winit-self -Wno-narrowing -Wno-comment -fdiagnostics-show-option -Wno-long-long -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -msse -msse2 -msse3 -fvisibility=hidden -g -O0 -DDEBUG -D_DEBUG Linker flags (Release): Linker flags (Debug): ccache: NO Precompiled headers: YES Extra dependencies: dl m pthread rt 3rdparty dependencies: OpenCV modules: To be built: aruco bgsegm bioinspired calib3d ccalib core datasets dnn dnn_objdetect dpm face features2d flann freetype fuzzy hdf hfs highgui img_hash imgcodecs imgproc java_bindings_generator line_descriptor ml objdetect optflow phase_unwrapping photo plot python2 python3 python_bindings_generator reg rgbd saliency shape stereo stitching structured_light superres surface_matching text tracking ts video videoio videostab viz xfeatures2d ximgproc xobjdetect xphoto Disabled: js world Disabled by dependency: - Unavailable: cnn_3dobj cudaarithm cudabgsegm cudacodec cudafeatures2d cudafilters cudaimgproc cudalegacy cudaobjdetect cudaoptflow cudastereo cudawarping cudev cvv java matlab ovis sfm Applications: tests perf_tests apps Documentation: NO Non-free algorithms: NO GUI: GTK+: YES (ver 2.24.30) GThread : YES (ver 2.48.2) GtkGlExt: NO VTK support: YES (ver 6.2.0) Media I/O: ZLib: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libz.so (ver 1.2.8) JPEG: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libjpeg.so (ver ) WEBP: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libwebp.so (ver encoder: 0x0202) PNG: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpng.so (ver 1.2.54) TIFF: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libtiff.so (ver 42 / 4.0.6) JPEG 2000: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libjasper.so (ver 1.900.1) OpenEXR: build (ver 1.7.1) Video I/O: DC1394: YES (ver 2.2.4) FFMPEG: YES avcodec: YES (ver 56.60.100) avformat: YES (ver 56.40.101) avutil: YES (ver 54.31.100) swscale: YES (ver 3.1.101) avresample: NO GStreamer: NO libv4l/libv4l2: NO v4l/v4l2: linux/videodev2.h gPhoto2: NO Parallel framework: pthreads Trace: YES (with Intel ITT) Other third-party libraries: Intel IPP: 2017.0.3 [2017.0.3] at: /home/fange/Software/OpenCVSRC/opencv_bin/3rdparty/ippicv/ippicv_lnx Intel IPP IW: sources (2017.0.3) at: /home/fange/Software/OpenCVSRC/opencv_bin/3rdparty/ippicv/ippiw_lnx Lapack: NO Eigen: YES (ver 3.2.92) Custom HAL: NO Protobuf: build (3.5.1) OpenCL: YES (no extra features) Include path: /home/fange/Software/OpenCVSRC/opencv/3rdparty/include/opencl/1.2 Link libraries: Dynamic load Python 2: Interpreter: /usr/bin/python2.7 (ver 2.7.12) Libraries: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython2.7.so (ver 2.7.12) numpy: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/include (ver 1.11.0) packages path: lib/python2.7/dist-packages Python 3: Interpreter: /usr/bin/python3 (ver 3.5.2) Libraries: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.5m.so (ver 3.5.2) numpy: /home/fange/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/numpy/core/include (ver ) packages path: lib/python3.5/dist-packages Python (for build): /usr/bin/python2.7 Java: ant: NO JNI: NO Java wrappers: NO Java tests: NO Matlab: NO Install to: /usr/local ----------------------------------------------------------------- Configuring done Generating done
通过这份文件, 我们可以清楚的知道, 那些包/功能, 是可以并将会安装的.
并告知你, opencv的安装路径是/usr/local
安装OpenCV¶
进入到生成的二进制文件夹内执行
$ sudo make install
编译时间较长, 请耐心等待.
测试代码¶
代码与运行代码的方式,写在了文件夹 OpenCV测试程序CPP跟PY
CPP 需要编写对应的CMakeList.txt
比较简单的方式是
$ python
>>> import cv2 >>> cv2.__version__
最后的展示效果
